Category-based induction from similarity of neural activation
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Category-based induction from similarity of neural activation.
The idea that similarity might be an engine of inductive inference dates back at least as far as David Hume. However, Hume's thesis is difficult to test without begging the question, since judgments of similarity may be infected by inferential processes. We present a one-parameter model of category-based induction that generates predictions about arbitrary statements of conditional probability ...
متن کاملThe Development of Induction: From Similarity-Based to Category-Based
The ability to perform inductive generalizations has been demonstrated to develop very early in life. We argue that while adults use their conceptual knowledge when performing induction, young children perform induction by computing the similarity among presented entities. We further argue that this differential processing underlying children’s and adults’ induction results in different memory ...
متن کاملFeatures of Similarity and Category-Based Induction
A classic feature-set model of similarity, the contrast model of Tversky (1977), is applied to a range of phenomena in category-based induction. These phenomena include basic similarity effects, typicality and asymmetry effects, diversity effects, effects of projectibility of properties, and contextual influences on similarity. These analyses help to extend the contrast model to a new area of r...
متن کاملWhen induction meets memory: evidence for gradual transition from similarity-based to category-based induction.
The ability to perform induction appears early; however, underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Some argue that early induction is category based, whereas others suggest that early induction is similarity based. Category- and similarity-based induction should result in different memory traces and thus in different memory accuracy. Performing induction resulted in low memory accuracy in adults an...
متن کاملDistinguishing between Category-based and Similarity-based Induction
Performing inductive generalizations is critical for learning, yet there is much debate regarding the mechanisms underlying this ability. One view posits that similarity-based induction, utilizing perceptual features, may allow for increased encoding and higher memory accuracy on recognition tests. While category-based induction, utilizing semantic information, may result in limiting encoding o...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience
سال: 2013
ISSN: 1530-7026,1531-135X
DOI: 10.3758/s13415-013-0221-3